Positive externalities, and the freshness of failure


I’m writing this partially because Tom has been bugging me about writing (it has been a while since I’ve published), and because I want to postpone my post about Owl City, mainly because I think it would decrease our subscriptions by 100%.

I was told the other day that a positive externality is essentially where one person does something, and the cost is only placed on the actor.  Apparently a perfect example of this is participation in sections.  The teaching fellow will ask the class a question, and there will be an awkward silence, sometimes lasting up to thirty seconds.  Eventually someone caves and hazards an answer, or the TF gives the answer and moves the section along.

But actually attempting an answer is the positive externality; if your answer is correct, then you and the class benefit, because you’re forced to explain why your answer is correct, and your peers learn from you; if your answer is incorrect, the TF gets a little concerned and takes pains to explain why your answer is not correct.  Here, everyone benefits, but you “suffer the humiliation” of giving the wrong answer.

I’ve always been a little annoyed by these unnecessary silences, and in the past month I’ve tried to answer the questions when I thought I knew the answer, or when it was a binary question I would hazard a guess, just to move along so that we could learn more.  When I was right, there was never an overwhelming sense of satisfaction.  When I was wrong, I have to say it was embarrassing and definitely was not an experience I wanted to repeat.

This is sort of related to the practice of asking questions in lectures and sections.  This is even more frustrating to me, especially when the instructor specifically asks if the students understand what just happened.  Of course people are going to be confused by something when there’s a slew of facts shoveled on them, but for some reason no one wants to be the person to ask for elucidation.

I know I’m not the only person who doesn’t understand everything, because there have been a couple of occasions where friends in my section have thanked me for asking a certain question because they learned something from it.

I think the “smart questions” are the ones that bother me more actually, e.g. “Isn’t angular momentum just a clever trick, or does it have any deeper significance?” or “Do we prefer Lagrangian mechanics to Newtonian mechanics because the former is more beautiful?”  These are the types of questions that people ask to show that they have absorbed the material so completely that they need to show the rest of the class that they’re wondering about the deeper significance of every result.  Of course the less gifted students pick up on this, and often they scramble for these types of questions so that they can prove that they aren’t part of the lowly masses of students trying to just get by.  It’s a cheap trick to gain the professor’s respect, and everyone involved knows it but ignores it.

This is getting a little bitter.  I’m going to throw something in here to lighten the mood a bit.

So I feel like the issue is that for most of my classmate’s lives, they were consistently the best at everything they did, or pretty damn close.  THEN.  We get thrown into this high-powered environment, suddenly you’re on a level playing field with everyone, and you’re just not that special anymore.  For the first time in our lives, failing is an option, and it’s terrifying.  Eventually we realize that it’s very difficult to fail here, but we are still aware that there’s always someone better than us at what we love to do.  Luckily we can hide our grades from our peers so that there isn’t a direct comparison.  I think that the only place left to really compare yourself to others is in your section, where you discuss your insecurities with your schoolwork.  But here, it’s really easy to not have any questions; why would you ask him to go over that last step if you understood it in the first place?  I believe that the practice of not answering or asking questions is a face-saving technique that most Harvard students have adopted.

Like everything else here, the question-problem is wrapped up in the ego.  People don’t want to expose their inadequacies to their peers, so they hide in silence, implying the answer is so obvious it doesn’t deserve a serious consideration (apologies to anyone who this is actually true for; I’m looking at you, Danny.)

I’m guilty of this ego thing as well (or maybe I’m the only one guilty of it…) but I’m trying very hard to overcome it.  By admitting you don’t know something, you can open yourself up to learning it.  But the way sections are treated now makes it difficult to speak up when you really don’t understand something.

I guess I should include as a disclaimer that this mostly applies to my math and physics sections here at Harvard; for all I know people actually contribute to discussions in humanities concentration courses.

That is all, goodnight!

  1. #1 by Vicky Ge on April 29, 2010 - 12:19 am

    i stopped reading after i saw that you were going to post about owl city.

    i am telling martin. we will boycott.

  2. #2 by Rachel on April 29, 2010 - 7:26 am

    I kind of want to see a post about Owl City.

    And this has definitely been happening in my US World section. The TF just talks until he spins out some super-sophisticated question, no one answers, and then the freshman kid who actually pronounces Sartre’s and Beauvoir’s names correctly (with the pseudo-French accent) comes up with some equally super-sophisticated answers that no one really understands. At least from talking to other people in my section, I get that impression. So it’s not only math and physics.

    I have found that in my OEB sections, though, people ARE willing to ask questions about things they don’t know, even the simple things. Go figure. Guess it just varies depending on who’s in your section.

  3. #3 by Lynn on April 29, 2010 - 9:01 pm

    Agreed. Glad I’m not the only one in quantum feeling bad about not being able to answer Gabrielse’s question. Will work on it.

  4. #4 by Lynn on April 29, 2010 - 9:01 pm

    ps. lol. the “do we prefer langrangian to newtonian just because former is more beautiful” ah, those 16 days.

  5. #5 by jay z on June 28, 2010 - 10:22 pm

    lol owl city. just so you know i don’t listen to owl city!

  6. #6 by duncan on June 29, 2010 - 9:08 am

    Thanks Jay.

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